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Marijuana Legalization and Youth Marijuana, Alcohol, and Cigarette Use and Norms

Jennifer A. Bailey et al, 

American Journal of Preventive Medicine (2020).

Marijuana Legalization and Youth Marijuana, Alcohol, and Cigarette Use and Norms

Neuseeland. Legalising cannabis in Aotearoa New Zealand: What does the evidence say?

Office of the Prime Minister’s Chief Science Advisor, Neuseeland, 2020

https://www.pmcsa.ac.nz/topics/cannabis/

Prescription Opioid Distribution after the Legalization of Recreational Marijuana in Colorado.

Kropp Lopez AK, Nichols SD, Chung DY, Kaufman DE, McCall KL, Piper BJ. 

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9).

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32392702/

Prescription Opioid Distribution after the Legalization of Recreational Marijuana in Colorado.

Kropp Lopez AK, Nichols SD, Chung DY, Kaufman DE, McCall KL, Piper BJ. 

Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(9).

https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32392702/

Potential Adverse Drug Events with Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) Due to Drug–Drug Interactions.

Brown, J.D. 

J. Clin. Med. 2020, 9, 919.

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-0383/9/4/919/htm

Cannabis use, subsequent other illicit drug use and drug use disorders: A 16-year follow-up study among Swedish adults.

Rabiee R, Lundin A, Agardh E, Forsell Y, Allebeck P, Danielsson AK.

Addict Behav. 2020 Jul;106:106390. doi: 10.1016/j.addbeh.2020.106390. 

https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0306460319311372?via%3Dihub

Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol: harmful even in low doses?

Hjorthøj, Carsten et al.

The Lancet Psychiatry, Volume 7, Issue 4, 296 - 297 

https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpsy/article/PIIS2215-0366(20)30093-6/fulltext

Smoking heroin with cannabis versus injecting heroin: unexpected impact on treatment outcomes.

Morgan, N., Daniels, W. & Subramaney, U. 

Harm Reduct J 16, 65 (2019) doi:10.1186/s12954-019-0337-z

https://harmreductionjournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s12954-019-0337-z

A novel phytocannabinoid isolated from Cannabis sativa L. with an in vivo cannabimimetic activity higher than Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol: Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabiphorol.

Citti, C., Linciano, P., Russo, F. et al. 

Sci Rep 9, 20335 (2019). doi.org/10.1038/s41598-019-56785-1

https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598-019-56785-1

Cannabiskonsum: Rekreative oder medizinische Beweggründe? Befragung von Betroffenen

Andreas Wenger, Michael Schaub, Schweizer Institut für Sucht- und Gesundheitsforschung

Nr. 399/2019

https://www.isgf.uzh.ch/dam/jcr:5df6e50f-7116-4636-9982-b66e645f1d9a/RCA_MedCan_Bericht_Def_2019-10-24.pdf

Kanada. Health Reports: What has changed since cannabis was legalized?

Statistics Canada, 21.02.2020, doi.org/10.25318/82-003-x202000200002-eng

https://www150.statcan.gc.ca/n1/pub/82-003-x/2020002/article/00002-eng.htm

Cannabis increases susceptibility to false memory.

Kloft L, Otgaar H, Blokland A, Monds LA, Toennes SW, Loftus EF, Ramaekers JG.

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2020 Feb 10. pii: 201920162. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1920162117.

https://www.pnas.org/content/early/2020/02/04/1920162117

Potentes Haschisch aus Marokko: Haschisch und Marihuana im Vergleich

In Deutschland enthält seit 2016 Haschisch im Schnitt mehr THC als Marihuana. (taz-blog, 17.12.2019)

https://blogs.taz.de/drogerie/2019/12/17/haschisch-und-marihuana-im-vergleich/

Cannabis use during methadone maintenance treatment for opioid use disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis 

Heather McBrien, Candice Luo, Nitika Sanger, Laura Zielinski, Meha Bhatt, Xi Ming Zhu, David C. Marsh, Lehana Thabane, and Zainab Samaan

cmajo 7:E665-E673; published online November 19, 2019, doi:10.9778/cmajo.20190026 

http://cmajopen.ca/content/7/4/E665.full

Kanada. Cannabis Legalization: Year One Observations

Provides the first summary of Canada’s experience in the first year of retail sales after cannabis legalization, with a focus on the public health and safety objectives of the Cannabis Act. Canada’s relationship with legal cannabis is evolving and the market is still developing. With the Act in effect for less than a year, any discussion of impact is limited to preliminary observations. (Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, 2019)

https://www.ccsa.ca/cannabis-legalization-year-one-observations

Grading cannabis strength ‘will improve mental health of users’ 

Addiction experts say standard units, similar to those used for alcohol, would help consumers know the level of drug they are taking and its effects. (The Guardian, UK, 13.10.2019)

https://www.theguardian.com/society/2019/oct/13/grading-cannabis-strength-health-effects

'Standard THC Units': a proposal to standardise dose across all cannabis products and methods of administration.

Freeman TP, Lorenzetti V.

Addiction. 2019 Oct 12. doi: 10.1111/add.14842. 

Abstract

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31606008

Schweiz. Synthesebericht «Cannabis» der Eidgenössischen Kommission für Suchtfragen

Eidgenössische Kommission für Suchtfragen (EKSF), 02.05.2019

https://www.bag.admin.ch/bag/de/home/das-bag/organisation/ausserparlamentarische-kommissionen/eidgenoessische-kommission-fuer-suchtfragen.html

Cannabidiol Counteracts the Psychotropic Side-Effects of Δ-9-Tetrahydrocannabinol in the Ventral Hippocampus Through Bi-Directional Control of ERK1-2 Phosphorylation

Roger Hudson, Justine Renard, Christopher Norris, Walter J. Rushlow, Steven R. Laviolette

Journal of Neuroscience 30 September 2019, 0708-19; DOI: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019 

Abstract

https://www.jneurosci.org/content/early/2019/09/27/JNEUROSCI.0708-19.2019

Kanada. Canadian Cannabis Research Database

The Canadian Cannabis Research Database is an online tool that allows individuals to search current and ongoing cannabis research activities underway in Canada. Research since 2015 is covered under 40 possible topics.

The database is intended for researchers, healthcare providers and individuals involved in public health policy. It enables them to search research projects related to the health and social impacts of cannabis, while also fostering communication and collaboration between researchers and identifying potential gaps in cannabis research. (Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction, Kanada)

https://www.ccsa.ca/database-cannabis

Journal of Cannabis Research

Journal of Cannabis Research is an open access, peer-reviewed, international journal which welcomes submissions covering all topics pertaining to cannabis. 

The journal is an official publication of the Institute of Cannabis Research at Colorado State University-Pueblo.

https://jcannabisresearch.biomedcentral.com/

Cannabis - A field in flux. 

Fifty years ago, cannabis was known as the drug most emblematic of counterculture. Today, many people promote it as a fount of treatments for almost any ailment imaginable. This immense about-turn is reflected in changes in legal regimes: medicinal use of cannabis is now permitted in many countries, and some also allow the drug to be used recreationally. The times, they have a-changed. (Nature Outlook, 28.08.2019)

https://www.nature.com/articles/d41586-019-02523-6

Nabiximols kann Cannabiskonsum vermindern

Sydney – Eine Substitution mit Nabiximols, einer Mischung aus Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) und Cannabidiol (CBD), hat in einer randomisierten Placebo-kontrollierten Studie in JAMA Internal Medicinedie Psychotherapie der Cannabis-Abhängigkeit unterstützt (2019; doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2019.1993). (aerzteblatt.de, 17.09.2019)

https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/104706/Nabiximols-kann-Cannabiskonsum-vermindern

EMCDDA. New EMCDDA report highlights greater diversity of cannabis products, increasing potency and the need for close monitoring of health effects 

Cannabis products have become increasingly diverse in Europe and close monitoring of their potency and potential health effects is essential. These are among the conclusions of a new report published today by the EU drugs agency (EMCDDA) ahead of International day against drug abuse and illicit trafficking (26 June) (1). The report — Developments in the European cannabis market (2) — provides an overview of emerging and established cannabis products in Europe. (EMCDDA, Lissabon  25.06.2019 (News release No 5/2019))

http://www.emcdda.europa.eu/news/2019/5/developments-in-the-european-cannabis-market_en

The origins of cannabis smoking: Chemical residue evidence from the first millennium BCE in the Pamirs.

Ren M, Tang Z, Wu X, Spengler R, Jiang H, Yang Y, Boivin N.

Sci Adv. 2019 Jun 12;5(6):eaaw1391. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aaw1391. eCollection 2019 Jun.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6561734/

Gen des Nikotinrezeptors schützt vor Cannabisabhängigkeit

Aarhus – Menschen mit einer Genvariante im Nikotinrezeptor sind weniger anfällig für eine Cannabis-Abhängigkeit. Dies kam in einer genomweiten Assoziationsstudie in Nature Neuroscience heraus (2019; doi: 10.1038/s41593-019-0416-1). (aerzteblatt.de,20.06.2019)

https://www.aerzteblatt.de/nachrichten/104036/Gen-des-Nikotinrezeptors-schuetzt-vor-Cannabisabhaengigkeit

Chinese tombs yield earliest evidence of cannabis use

Researchers have uncovered the earliest known evidence of cannabis use, from tombs in western China.

The study suggests cannabis was being smoked at least 2,500 years ago, and that it may have been associated with ritual or religious activities. (BBC, 13.06.2019)

https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-48624784

Dissociable effects of cannabis with and without cannabidiol on the human brain’s resting-state functional connectivity.

Wall, M. B., Pope, R., Freeman, T. P., Kowalczyk, O. S., Demetriou, L., Mokrysz, C., … Curran, H. V. (2019). 

Journal of Psychopharmacology. doi.org/10.1177/0269881119841568

Abstract

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/0269881119841568

GDS2019: Cannabis health information labels: why it’s time to have mandatory warnings as part of any legal cannabis market and how they’ll help keep the cannabis industry on the straight and narrow.

Professor Adam R Winstock Consultant Psychiatrist & Founder, Global Drug Survey, Mai 2019

https://www.globaldrugsurvey.com/gds-2019/gds2019cannabis-health-information-labels-why-its-time-to-have-mandatory-warnings-as-part-of-any-legal-cannabis-market-and-how-theyll-help-keep-the-cannabis-industry-on-the-straigh/

Quantifying hepatic enzyme kinetics of (-)-Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) and its psychoactive metabolite, 11-OH-THC, through in vitro modeling

Gabriela I. Patilea-Vrana and Jashvant D. Unadkat

Drug Metabolism and Disposition May 2, 2019, dmd.119.086470; doi.org/10.1124/dmd.119.086470

http://dmd.aspetjournals.org/content/dmd/early/2019/05/02/dmd.119.086470.full.pdf

  1. Marijuana is not associated with progression of hepatic fibrosis in liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
  2. The relationship between motivations for cannabis consumption and problematic use.
  3. CBD reduces impairment caused by cannabis
  4. Cannabis Use Disorder.
  5. A randomised controlled trial of vaporised Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol and cannabidiol alone and in combination in frequent and infrequent cannabis users: acute intoxication effects.